Question : If the velocity of light c, the constant of gravitation G and plank's constant h be chosen as fundamental units, find the dimensions of mass, length and time in terms of c, G and h.
Doubt by Arham
Solution :
The dimensional formula of
Speed of light (c) = [M0LT-1]
Speed of light (c) = [M0LT-1]
Gravitational Constant (G) = [M-1L3T-2]
Planck Constant (h) = [ML2T-1]
Let
m ∝ caGbhc
m = kcaGbhc — (1)
[ML0T0] = [LT-1]a [M-1L3T-2]b [ML2T-1]c
[ML0T0] = [LaT-a] [M-bL3bT-2b] [McL2cT-c]
[ML0T0] = [M-b+c La+3b+2c T-a-2b-c]
[ML0T0] = [LaT-a] [M-bL3bT-2b] [McL2cT-c]
[ML0T0] = [M-b+c La+3b+2c T-a-2b-c]
Comparing the powers of M, L and T both sides.
-b+c=1 — (2)
a+3b+2c=0 — (3)
-a-2b-c=0 — (4)
Adding equation (2), (3) and (4)
2c=1
2c=1
c=1/2
putting in equation (2)
-b+1/2=1
-b=1-1/2
-b=1/2
b=-1/2
putting in equation (2)
-b+1/2=1
-b=1-1/2
-b=1/2
b=-1/2
putting the values of b and c in equation (4)
-a-2(-1/2)-1/2=0
-a+1-1/2=0
-a+1/2=0
-a=-1/2
a=1/2
-a+1-1/2=0
-a+1/2=0
-a=-1/2
a=1/2
putting back the values of a, b and c in equation (1)
m = kc1/2G-1/2h1/2
Hence, the dimensional formula of mass in terms of c, G and h is [c1/2G-1/2h1/2].
Similarly, you could find the find the dimensional formula of length and time.
L=[
c-3/2 G1/2 h1/2]
T=[c-5/2 G1/2 h1/2]